IFC, in collaboration with the german development bank Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau (KfW) and the Development Bank of Austria (OeEB), created a global Microfinance Enhancement Facility (MEF) in 2009 to support microfinance institutions worldwide that may face funding shortfalls during periods of unprecedented financial stress. At the time of investment, IFC aimed to support over 100 microfinance institutions operating in more than 30 countries, including over 20 IDA countries.

In 2010, IFC established the Microfinance Initiative for Asia Debt Fund (MIFA), also with KfW and OeEB, to increase access to finance for micro-borrowers and low-income households across East Asia, South Asia, and Central Asia. The facility aimed to offer market-based debt financing, with an emphasis on local currency and longer-term financing, to microfinance institutions (MFIs), particularly those that are smaller or less developed.

In July 2024, CAO received a complaint concerning KB Prasac Bank Plc (Prasac), a MEF client; and LOLC Plc. (LOLC), a MEF and MIFA client. The complainant raised concerns about the harmful effects of the lending and collection practices on their family’s livelihood and social well-being. The complaint alleged that the complainant faced threats and intimidation from project employees, leading to the loss of livelihood and income-generating property, as well as potential land loss. They also claimed that food security and access to education for their children were impacted, with child labor becoming a consequence. Additionally, due to pressure from credit officers, the complainant borrowed from informal lenders, resulting in a higher debt burden due to high interest rates, which they are now unable to repay.